汚水処理施設と人工湿地の連携システムにおけるシステムレベル協調最適化：汚染物質除去の強化と低炭素運転

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🔬研究者:統合型水処理システムの協調最適化とGHG会計を組み合わせた評価手法の実証例として参考になる。

🏢実務担当者:既存の下水処理場と人工湿地の運転調整により、追加投資なしでエネルギー・薬剤コストとGHGを削減できる実務的示唆を提供する。

🏛政策担当者:下水処理分野の低炭素化政策や排出削減目標設定において、運転最適化の有効性を示すエビデンスとして活用できる。

Coupling municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with constructed wetlands (CWs) has become an effective strategy for improving effluent quality while providing potential benefits in resource efficiency and environmental sustainability. However, previous studies have predominantly optimized WWTPs and CWs as independent treatment units, whereas coordinated operation of integrated WWTP–CW systems has received comparatively limited attention. This study evaluated a full-scale coupled WWTP–CW system using long-term operational data collected during 2021–2022. Environmental impacts were quantified using scenario-based calculations incorporating electricity consumption, chemical consumption, sludge production, and IPCC-based greenhouse gas accounting. Pollutant removal performance, electricity consumption, chemical consumption, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were comprehensively assessed, and operational scenarios were developed to investigate the environmental benefits of coordinated optimization. The results showed that the WWTP consistently satisfied the Chinese Class 1A discharge standard, whereas the ancillary CW achieved effective polishing for COD and NH3-N but exhibited relatively low removal efficiencies for TN and TP because of insufficient biodegradable carbon in the influent. Scenario-based simulation demonstrated that moderately relaxing pollutant removal within the WWTP while maintaining compliant effluent quality substantially enhanced the treatment performance of the downstream CW. Under the optimized scenario, the average removal efficiencies of COD, TN, and TP in the CW increased by 28.3%, 17.4%, and 19.8%, respectively. Meanwhile, electricity consumption, sludge production, and dewatering-agent consumption in the WWTP were reduced by approximately 25%. When compared on a harmonized water-volume basis, unit external carbon-source consumption likewise decreased under the optimized scenario. Consequently, overall greenhouse gas emissions decreased by 40.3%, from 527.9 to 315.3 g CO2-eq·m−3 of treated wastewater. These findings demonstrate that coordinated pollutant allocation between engineered and ecological treatment units can substantially improve the environmental sustainability of existing WWTP–CW systems, providing a practical, low-carbon operational strategy without infrastructure expansion.

• openalex https://doi.org/10.3390/su18199919first seen 2026-09-30 04:57:02